足球人才全球化的实证研究

Empirical Research of Football Talent Globalization

以第18届、第19届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段参赛运动员和教练员为研究对象,通过数据统计分析和文献资料调研发现,世界足球人才分布不均,主要集中在欧洲和南美洲地区,尤其是欧洲的英格兰、德国、意大利、法国和西班牙职业足球联赛垄断了绝大部分的足球人才,而非洲和亚洲足球人才分布较少。由于历史文化渊源的原因,南美地区运动员多在西班牙踢球,非洲国家的运动员多在法国踢球,美国、澳大利亚、新西兰的运动员多在英格兰踢球。足球人才全球化既是机遇又是挑战,促进了足球产业的发展,带动了足球运动落后地区水平的提高,同时,也出现了足球运动的"马太效应",海外运动员与当地国家运动员利益冲突,运动员效力俱乐部和自己国家之间的利益冲突。

Taking the players and coaches of the 2006 th and 2010 th world cup finals as research subject,through using the method of statistical analysis and literature review,this paper found out that the distribution of the world football talent was not even and most of them were located in European countries and South American countries,especially in England,Germany,Italy,France,and Spain.On the contrast,seldom of them were located in the undeveloped area such as African and Asian countries.Because of the history,culture and language reasons,the football players from South American countries prefer to play in the Spain football league,the players from African countries would like to play in French football league,and the players from US,Australia,New Zealand would like to play in England football league.The football talent globalization was not only opportunity but a challenge,it can help develop the football industry and improve the development of football in undeveloped countries.However,＂the Matthew effect＂,the conflict of interest between the overseas players and the host country players,the confliction between the working club and the donor countries are appeared.