皮艇运动员推进功率模式对专项成绩影响的数值仿真研究——以单人艇1000m匀速划为例

The Numerical Simulation Study on the Effect of Kayaker's Impelling Power Mode on Specific Performance——Taking Pace Paddling of K-1 1000m as Example

在皮艇动力学方程的基础上,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真模型和数值方法,分析运动员的推进功率模式对单人艇1000 m匀速划成绩的影响。结果发现,运动员在1000 m全程中用稳定一致的推进功率模式划桨,必然在起航加速段后导致匀速划的出现;在构成推进功率模式的4个指标中,平均推进功率的提高对成绩的提高起决定作用;推进功率波形越是平坦均匀型成绩越好;桨频的提高和划桨节奏的增大也有助于成绩的提高。实测发现,我国优秀男子皮艇运动员划桨中的推进功率波形和仿真分析获得的理想推进功率波形存在差距,提示运动员的划桨技术和体能素质有待完善和提高。

The effect with kayaker＇s impelling power mode on performance in k-1 1000m with even pace paddling are studied by Matlab/Simulink simulation model and numerical methods on the basis of dynamic equation for kayak.It is concluded that it will result in even pace paddling situation after starting acceleration phase when kayakers paddle under steady impelling power mode in whole 1000m distance.In four figures constituted of impelling power mode,there is a essential effect on the performance advance when average impelling power increases;the more even uniformity for impelling power wave shape the better performance;it is also significant for performance advancement when stroke rates and paddling cadence increase.According to practical survey,it is found that there are differences between actual impelling power wave shapes in paddling for domestic elite men kayakers and ideal impelling power wave shape resulted from simulation analysis,this implies that it is requisite to improve paddling skills and enhance physical capacities for those kayakers.