儿童孤独症192例临床分析

Analysis of clinical character of 192 cases with childhood autism

【目的】探讨儿童孤独症的临床特点及危险因素,为该临床的早期发现、早期诊治提供依据。【方法】对2004年11月—2010年8月复旦大学附属儿科医院儿童保健科收治的192例孤独症患儿的主诉、临床表现、个人史及家庭状况(妊产期不利因素、家族史、父母文化、父母性格、家庭教育情况)、和辅助检查(脑CT/MRI、EEG、BAEP)进行回顾性分析。【结果】在192例孤独症患儿中,≤24个月龄的患儿21例(10.9%),病例主诉以语言障碍为主,尤以不会说话突出(62%)。母亲存在妊产期不利因素者共85例(44.3%),异常家族史者52例(27%),辅助检查中,EEG异常检出率较高。【结论】语言障碍最易为家长注意,建议常规健康体检中纳入和重视儿童社会能力的发展,以利于早期发现孤独症患儿。妊娠不利因素、家族史和父亲内向的性格特点与孤独症发病有密切关系。

【Objective】 To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of autism,in order to provide scientific basis for autism early detection and diagnosis. 【Methods】 One hundred and ninety two cases of autism children between 2004 November and 2010 August had been collected in this article.All these 192 cases were studied about chief complaint,clinical manifestation,personal history and family conditions（pregnancy,family,parents educational background,parents disposition,household education）and assistant examinations（CT/MRI,EEG,BAEP）. 【Results】 Among 192 cases,21 one cases（10.9%） were less than two years old.The language development disability was the mainly chief compliant,especially had no language（62%）.During gestation period and childbirth time,85（44.3%） had adverse factors.52 cases（27%） had abnormal family history.Among the assistant examinations,an especially highabnormality was found in EEG. 【Conclusions】 Parents often pay highly attention to language development disability,in order to improve the early detection of childhood autism,it suggests that social development should be included in routine health check-up and should be taken seriously.There is relationship between the abnormality of pregnancy,birth,family,father＇s introverted personality and the pathogenesis of autism.