涉外遗嘱继承法律适用立法研究

Legislative Studies on Law Application of Foreign Testate Succession

传统意义上,继承的目的是为了抚养被继承人的亲属,防止继承人因为被继承人的去世而失去基本生活保障,其体现的是一种家庭伦理关系。为了维持这种伦理关系,各国法律一般都对遗嘱继承施加了较为苛刻的条件。然而,随着社会的进步,个人自由被提到一个新的高度,家庭伦理观念逐渐衰落,当事人意思自治逐步进入涉外遗嘱继承领域。我国立法中还没有涉外遗嘱继承法律适用的规定,应当借鉴国外经验,将当事人意思自治引入涉外遗嘱继承法律适用的立法中。同时,在当事人没有选择法律时,也不必一味地强调适用法院地法保护公共秩序,而应该严格限制公共秩序保留的运用。

Traditionarily ,the purpose of succession is to foster deceased＇s relatives and maintain their quality of life,which shows the traditional family ethics relationship. In order to maintain such relationship,almost every country impose harsh terms on will. A valid testament required to meet both form and substance of lex fori. Besides,Public Policy is a magic wepon to protect ethics relationship. As the development of society,civil liberty cause an enough value,Autonomy of will was accepted in foreign testate succession. Meanwhile,the Court also tries its best to recognize the validity of testament when testator didn＇t choose application law. At present,there is no legislative on law application concerning foreign testate succession in China,the present law and judicial protection should be improved and strengthened to bring in autonomy of will.