整合素及其在胚泡植入中的作用

Integrins and Blastocyst Implantation.

整合素是一类由α、β亚基构成的异二聚体粘附分子， 能够与胶原蛋白、纤连蛋白和玻连蛋白等细胞外基质组分相互作用， 调节细胞粘附和通讯． 作为双向传递分子， 整合素通过 “胞内→胞外” 和 “胞外→胞内” 两种方式介导细胞信号传递． 成功的植入是侵入性的胚泡和接受性的子宫内膜相互作用的结果， 整合素能够调节胚泡滋养层与子宫内膜之间的细胞细胞及细胞细胞外基质相互作用， 是 “植入窗口” 期子宫内膜接受性的标记分子．

Integrins are cell adhesive molecules (CAMs) comprised of α and β subunits. These CAMs usually contain a large domain, a transmembrane segment and a short cytoplasmic domain. They can interact with the extracellular matrix components, such as collagen, fibronectin, or vitronectin, to regulate the cell adhesion and trafficking. As a bidirectional transducer, integrins are involved in cell signaling by way of inside outside signaling and outside inside signaling. Successful implantation depends on the intimate interaction between the penetrative blastocyst and the receptive endometrium, which contains many cellular or molecular events. More recently, accumulating evidences have shown that expression of integrins during the “implantation window” stage plays an important role in “maternal fetal dialogue” and becomes a potential marker of the receptive uterine endometrium.