内耳发育研究的新进展——神经营养素及其受体的调控作用

New Progresses on the Study of Inner Ear Development :Regulation of Neurotrophins and Their Receptors.

近年来， 对神经营养因子（ｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃｆａｃｔｏｒｓ） 尤其是神经营养素（ｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｎｓ， Ｎ Ｔｓ） 及其功能性受体———酪氨酸激酶受体 Ｔｒｋ Ａ、 Ｔｒｋ Ｂ、 Ｔｒｋ Ｃ 的研究进展迅速． 这些因子能够促进神经元的存活、生长、分化以及损伤后的修复． 应用免疫组化、原位杂交和基因敲除小鼠模型等方法研究这些因子及其受体在内耳发育中的调控作用， 可以在细胞、分子水平上提供有关内耳发育机制的新认识．

The progresses on the study of neurotrophic factors such as neurotrophins and their functional receptors tyrosine kinase receptors (Trks TrkA, TrkB, TrkC) have been made rapidly. These factors can promote neuronal survival, outgrowth, differentiation and repairment of injury. New knowledge on the mechanism of inner ear development has been provided at both molecular and cellular levels by the application of immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and gene knock out mice models in the study on the regulation of these neurotrophins and their receptors in the inner ear development. The application of exogenous neurotrophins has great clinical potential for the cure of hearing loss.