木腐菌对三种合成染料的脱色作用的研究

STUDY ON DECOLORATION OF THREE SYNTHETIC DYES BY A WOOD ROT FUNGUS FLAMMULA SP.

利用多聚染料PolyR为指示剂，从300多株木腐菌中筛选到一株具有较强脱色力的木腐菌A3（Flammulasp．）。该菌可以使三种合成染料快速脱色：20h内使15mg／L的结晶紫和灿烂绿脱色，4h左右使相同浓度的橙黄Ⅱ脱色，脱色率均达99％以上。脱色最佳培养条件是：碳源为麦芽糖，氮源为酒石酸铵，pH4．0温度30℃。通气对脱色十分有利。预加染料对脱色无明显影响，说明染料不是诱导底物。染料对菌体生长及脱色有抑制作用，并且在培养出菌丝之前加入比培养出之后加入的抑制作用强。在酚及腈类化合物中，NaCN和苯酚对脱色的抑制作用较明显。除Hg^(2+)和Ag^+离子之外，其它金属离子对脱色的抑制不明显。

A strain of Flammula sp. was screened from 300 wood rot fungi using Poly R as an indicator. The strain could decolor three synthetic dyes rapidly. It could decolor 15mg/L crystal violet and brilliant green in 20h and orange Ⅱwith the same concentration in 4h. The decoloration rates were above 99%. The optimum carbon source was maltose, and the optimum nitrogen source was ammonium tartrate. The optimum pH was 4.0 and temperature was 30℃. Airation was beneficial to decoloration. Adding dyes in advance had no apparent effect on decoloration. This indicated that the dyes were no induers. The dyes could inhibit mycelial growth and decoloration. They showed less inhibition when they were added after the mycelia were cultivated. NaCN and phenol showed strong inhibition. The metal ions had no apparent inhibition except for Hg2+ and Ag+.