上海地区鼠类群落结构变化及其原因初探

Rodent Community Structure Variation and the Reason in Shanghai

目的：了解鼠类群落结构变化及其原因，便于调整防制对策。方法：定期按房屋类型各类生境收集鼠体、分类鉴定。结果：无论居民区还是特殊行业，鼠类群落结构１０年来逐渐演变为褐家鼠占优势，尤其是内环线以内的８个中心区域，褐家鼠占５７．４７％，但在有中央空调设施的智能化大楼中以黄胸鼠为主。分析本市鼠类群落结构发生变化的主要原因，是人类干预措施和鼠类赖以生存环境的变迁，不同时期两者分别起主导作用。另外，建筑物防鼠设施不完善，也是褐家鼠进入室内比例上升的原因之一。结论：控制褐家鼠密度，强化防鼠设施，针对不同生境采取不同的防制对策。

This paper was showed that the rodent community structure has been vary at special unit or resident area in Shanghai city during 10 years. The R.norvegicus has been increased, it was a dominant species. The M.musculus has been reduced. The reason of rodent community structure variation was interfere measure by humanity and rodent's habitat destoried and poor rodent prevetion measure.