铅锌尾矿废水处理系统中PFU原生动物群落变化特征及其与水质净化的关系

PFU PROTOZOAN COMMUNITIES AND THEIR COLONIZATION IN A TREATMENT SYSTEM OF Pb Zn MINE TAILING WATER

应用国家标准《水质—微型生物群落监测—ＰＦＵ法》对位于广东省韶关的凡口铅锌尾矿废水处理系统中的原生动物群落进行了研究．分析了在该处理系统中原生动物群落的结构和群集过程的特征，并结合水质的理化参数对该处理系统的效能进行了评价．结果表明：在该处理系统中，以动物性鞭毛虫和腐生性纤毛虫为原生动物群落的主要组成部分；随着采样点距排污口的距离延长，原生动物群落的种类数和密度明显增加；群落多样性指数也随之上升．通过对原生动物群落组成与污染物浓度的统计学处理，显示出群落的种类数与各污染物的浓度间存在着显著的负线性相关．各采样点ＰＦＵ原生动物群落群集过程也可以反映出各样点环境间的差异．各采样点数据间的差异说明由于该处理系统中香蒲植物的作用，使得废水中大量的颗粒性悬浮物得到沉降，重金属浓度也明显降低。

Using the PFU method, the protozoan communities in a treatment system of Pb Zn mine tailing water were studied in situ , and the characteristics of protozoan community structures and their colonization were analyzed. In combination with physicochemical data of the water, the efficiency of the treatment system was monitored using protozoan community data. The results showed that the protozoan community in the system was mainly composed of zoomastigia and ciliates. The number of species and individual abundance, as well as diversity index ( d value) obviously increased with the increasing of the distance from sampling sites to pollutant outlet. The species number in protozoan communities was well negatively correlated with the pollutant concentrations in the water. The colonization of protozoan communities in different sampling sites showed the environmental differences. The results also showed that the cultivation of Typha latifolia made the suspended particles deposit down and had the protozoan communities restored to some extend.