不同类型农户农地投入的影响因素

Influencing Factors of Farmland Input by Different Types of Farmer Household

农户作为农业生产投入的微观主体,其农地投入行为对农业和农村经济发展影响重大。本文以湖北省江汉平原和鄂北岗地6个县(市、区)的473个农户抽样调查数据,构建逐步回归模型,分析不同类型的农户农地投入行为的影响因素。结果表明:①近年来,农户耕地的投入水平处于上升趋势,国家实施的惠农政策取得了积极成效;②相对于消费型农户而言,利润型农户的总投入水平较高;③目前农户农地投入主要是流动资本投入,固定资本投入较少,农业污染较为严重,农业机械化水平有较大的提升空间;④农户农业生产目标决定其农地投入行为:消费型农户与市场联系不太紧密,依据家庭消费需求进行生产投入决策;利润型农户与市场联系非常紧密,追求利润最大化,按照市场行情进行生产投入决策。⑤不同类型农户农地投入的影响因素存在差异:家庭特征和家庭资源禀赋是影响消费型农户农地投入的主要因素;农业生产要素市场、农产品市场和农业政策是影响利润型农户农地投入的主要因素。

Farmer household as the micro subject of agricultural input, their farmland input behavior has significant impact on the development of agriculture and rural economy. Based on the questionnaire survey of 473 farmer households of 6 counties in Jianghan Plain and Humpy Ground in Northern Hubei, this paper established stepwise regression model to analyze the influencing factors of input in farmland by different types of farmer households. The results show that： （1）the level of farmer households＇ input in farmland has raised and the preferential agricultural policy carried out by central government has achieved positive results in recent years; （2）the level of total input in farmland of profit-based farmer households is higher than consume-based farmer households; （3）at present, floating capital input is the major component of farmer households＇ input in farmland compared with fixed capital input, agricultural pollution is more and more serious and the level of agricuhural mechanization has a larger space to improve ; （4）farmer households＇ behavior of input in farmland is determined by their agricultural production goal： consume-based farmer households is not closely linked to the market, they decide the production inputs according to the demand of household consumption; profit-based farmer households is closely linked to the market, they pursue profit maximization and decide the production inputs according to the market conditions ;（5）the influencing factors of farmland input by different types of farmer households＇ are different： family characteristics and family resource endowments are the main influencing factors of consume-based farmer households＇ farmland input behavior, while agricultural production factor markets, agricuhural product markets and agricultural policies are the main influencing factors of profit-based farmer households＇ farmland input behavior.