昆明松花坝水源保护区云南松林地表蚂蚁多样性

Diversity of ground-dwelling ants in Pinus yunnanensis forest in Songhuaba Water Protection Area,Kunming

运用陷阱法调查了昆明市松花坝水源保护区无干扰及干扰云南松林地表蚂蚁群落.无干扰样地蚂蚁群落由3亚科13种组成,亮毛蚁Lasius fuliginosus最常见;干扰样地由4亚科21种组成,细胸蚁2 Leptothoraxsp.2和玉米毛蚁Lasius alienus最常见;2个样地的蚂蚁物种丰富度ACE估计值分别为24.76和26.27,样地间多度及物种丰富度估计值没有显著差异;无干扰样地蚂蚁群落物种组成不同于干扰样地,但部分样带与干扰样地接近;亮毛蚁是无干扰样地的指示物种(IndVal=0.978 7,P=0.001),邵氏厚结猛蚁Pachycondyla sauteri是干扰样地的指示物种(IndVal=0.666 7,P=0.001);地表蚂蚁多样性与植物多样性具有显著相关性.研究显示:云南松林地表蚂蚁多样性能够指示植物多样性;松花坝水源保护区云南松林地表蚂蚁多样性相对较低;干扰已经改变了云南松林的地表蚂蚁群落组成;保护区的建立对当地生物多样性有积极作用,但保护力度仍然不够.

Diversity of ground-dwelling ants in undisturbed and disturbed Pinus yunnanensis forest in Songhuaba Water Protection Area,Kunming,Yunnan province,was investigated by pitfall trapping.Thirteen ant species of three subfamilies were captured in the undisturbed plot,with Lasius fuliginosus being most common;and twenty ant species from four subfamilies were captured in the disturbed plot,with Leptothorax sp.2 and Lasius alienus being most common.ACE Value of in the undisturbed and disturbed plots was 24.76 and 26.27,and no significant difference was found in both abundance and species richness among these plots.Species composition of the undisturbed plot was different from that of the disturbed plot,while some undisturbed transect was close to the disturbed plot.Lasius fuliginosus was indicator species for the undisturbed plot（IndVal=0.9787,P=0.001）,and Pachycondyla sauteri was indicator species for the disturbed plot（IndVal=0.6667,P=0.001）.Significant difference was found between ground-dwelling ant diversity and plant diversity in the plots.It was showed that diversity of ground-dwelling ant could indicate plant diversity in Pinus yunnanensis forest.The diversity of ground-dwelling ant in the water protection areas was lower.The species composition of ground-dwelling ant had changed by disturbance.The establishment of Songhuaba Water Protection Area made a positive contribution to the local biodiversity conservation,more efforts are in need.