抗菌药物在老年人中的应用及其使用的伦理原则

Application of Antibiotics in Elderly Population and Ethical Principles in the Usage

从药物的吸收、分布、代谢、排泄等方面了解老年人药物动力学特点及感染特点,对老年人的感染性疾病合理的应用抗菌药物:尽量避免使用毒性大的抗菌药物;尽量避免使用耐药性突出的抗菌药物;老年患者可减量应用毒性低的β-内酰胺类抗菌药物;老年患者感染宜用杀菌型抗菌药物。在感染治疗过程中严格遵循抗菌药物在老年人中使用的伦理原则:减少无目的使用抗菌药物;选择有效的抗菌药物;采用科学合理的给药方法;预防抗菌药物毒副反应和细菌耐药对老年人的危害;选择适合老年人经济状况的抗菌药物。

Pharmacodynamic and infectious features of elderly population are analyzed from the aspects of drug absorption, distribution, etabolization, and excretion, and comes up with suggestions for the rational apphcation of antibiotics for elderly population as follows. Avoid to use antibiotics with high toxicity. Avoid to use antibiotics with prominent drug resistance. Low toxic β- DTDC should be reduced in dosage for elderly population. Bactericidal antibiotics is proposed for elderly infection. Certain ethical principles should be strictly abided by in infection treatment, including decreasing purposeless usage of antibiotics for elderly population, selecting effective antibiotics, applying reasonable and scientific methods of medication, preventing harm caused by toxic and side effects and baterial drug - resistance, and selecting antibiotics suitable for the specific economic conditions of elderly population.