社会系统的“自组织”与“他组织”辨

The Resolution of Social System's "Self-organizing" and "Heter-organizing"

人们置身其中的自然系统和社会系统是一个由各要素相互联系、相互作用所构成的整体。与自然系统一样,社会系统是在"自组织"过程中演化、进步的。但是,受近代传统思维方式长期浸淫的现代观念总是机械地、孤立地看待系统和系统中的要素,并最终得出了社会系统中存在"他组织"的结论。只有坚持了整体性、关联性的系统科学方法论,才能够看清楚社会系统的"自组织"性质,把握住社会系统演化的特性。政府或各类社会组织机构是这个系统的内部构成要素;社会的制度、法律、政策等则是这个社会系统的"序参量",而不是它的外部要素。社会系统是,而且只能是"自组织"的。

The natural and social systems we are in are an organic whole made up of interrelated and interactive elements.Just as the natural system,the social system evolves in a ＂self-organizing＂ process.However,some modern societies tend to take these elements separately because they have been long under the influence of traditional way of thinking and come to the conclusion that social systems could be ＂Heter-organizing＂.The nature of Self-organizing of the social system and the evolution of society could be understood only if the systematic and scientific methodology is followed which focuses on the unity and interaction of different elements.In a social system,governments or various social organizations are an internal element while social institutions,law and policies are its ＂order parameter＂ rather than its external element.Therefore,social system is,and can only be ＂self-organizing＂.