中国农村公共产品供给制度变迁的财政逻辑及其启示

The Financial Logic and Enlightenment of the Changes in the Supplication of Public Production in Chinese Rural Area

农村公共产品供给的多元化趋势不能改变政府供给的主体地位,因此,农村财政是农村公共产品供给的物质基础。新中国成立以后,农村公共产品的供给制度在不同时期呈现不同的特征,其变化的主因主要是由农村财政制度的变迁引起的。农村财政经历了自筹式农村财政、集体提取式农村财政、制度外农村财政和依赖型农村财政四个阶段,然而农村公共产品的供给仍然存在严重的问题。只有在农村构建完备的公共财政体制,才能从根本上改善农村公共产品的供给状况。

The trend that the rural public production are served in various ways cannot change the dominant position of the government supply,therefore,the rural finance is the foundation of the supply of the rural public products.After the foundation of the new China,the system of products supply in the rural area showed different characters in different periods,which mainly contributes to the changes of the rural finance system.The rural finance has experienced four periods:the style of self-raising,collective extraction,outer-system and the style of depending.Serious problems exist in the supply of rural public products.The problem of providing the rural public products can only be solved when the perfect public finance system is set up in the countryside.