论民族医药的法律保护

Legal Protection of Minority Medicine

专利、商标和商业秘密等知识产权制度为民族医药的发展撑起了强有力的法律保护伞。然而,由于民族医药具有传统性、传承性和群体性特征,致使知识产权制度在民族医药保护上面临着权利主体不确定、权利客体不具创新性等诸多困境,许多民族医药知识和技术难以获得知识产权保护。因此,有必要根据民族医药自身特点,构建知识产权之外的特殊保护制度。此外,在国内立法保护的同时,要积极推动国际立法,解决国内法域外适用的难题。

Minority medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. The intellectual property system such as patents, trademarks and trade secrets have provided strong legal protection to the development of minority medicine. However, with the characteristics of tradition, heritage and commu- nity, the intellectual property rights of minorities medicine are faced with problems of uncertain owners and the outdate objects of rights. Some minority medical knowledge and technology hardly obtain the protection of intellectual property. Therefore, according to its own characteristics, it is necessary for minority medicine to build special protection systems unlike intellectual property systems, such as tradi- tional medicine database, the prior informed consent and benefit-sharing system, registration system. In addition to domestic legislation, we must actively promote the international legislation to address the problems of extraterritorial application of domestic laws.