自尊水平与评价性信息的选择性记忆

Heterogeneous High Self-esteem and Selective Memory

245名被试完成外显Rosenberg量表、内隐IAT测验和记忆测验。实验结果发现,1)外显自尊有效地预测消极信息的回忆量,低外显自尊个体对消极信息的回忆量显著高于高外显自尊个体,而两类被试对积极信息的回忆量上差异不显著,实验结果证实了相关模型的假设。2)无论是积极信息的回忆率还是消极信息的回忆率,不同内隐自尊水平的个体的回忆量差异不显著,外显自尊与内隐自尊的交互作用与其关系也不紧密,试图通过外显手段区分内隐层面上有差异的两类个体,似乎是行不通的。

245 university students finished Rosenberg scale,implicit association test,and memory test.In the memory test,participants firstly viewed a series of evaluative information about themselves.Recognition memory for the information was later tested.The results showed that low explicit self-esteem individuals remembered more negative information than high explicit self-esteem individuals.For the recall of positive information,there was no difference between high explicit self-esteem and low explicit self-esteem.There was also no difference between high implicit self-esteem and low implicit self-esteem individuals in their recall of positive and negative information.Relevance model hypothesized that those who were low in self-competence/self-liking tend to be preoccupied with their inability and lack of success.They were therefore quicker than those high in self-competence/self-liking at identifying information suggestive of failure or inefficacy.It was also showed that memory test was an explicit method which was not an appropriate way to distinguish implicit difference.