灰色局势决策—综合指数法对陕西段渭河水环境质量的评价研究

Evaluation of water environmental quality of Weihe River in Shaanxi reach based on grey decision making-comprehensive index method

为了全面了解渭河干流（陕西段）的水环境质量情况,本文根据2000-2008年陕西段渭河干流13个水质监控断面的监测资料,选取COD、NH3-N、BOD5、DO4项主要污染物指标作为评价因子,采用灰色局势决策-综合指数方法对该河段的水环境质量进行综合评价。分析结果表明：①渭河干流陕西段综合水质指数介于1.967~5之间,表明该段河流已受到污染。自常兴桥断面直至潼关吊桥断面,COD、NH3-N、BOD5、DO的监测浓度仍然超过GB3838-2002地表水环境质量Ⅴ类标准限值要求,污染严重。②自2003年以来,渭河干流陕西段河流水体水质总体呈现好转趋势,主要表现在宝鸡市境内河段,这可能与入河污染物总量的变化相关。灰色局势决策-综合指数方法以细化的数值反映了评价结果,可进一步科学、客观地反映出渭河干流陕西段水质动态变化趋势。

In order to completely realize the water environmental quality in the Weihe River of Shaanxi reach,this paper carried out the comprehensie evaluation for the water environmental quality by employing the grey decision making-comprehensive index method,according to the data collected over the period from 2000 to 2008.Selected COD,NH3-N,BOD5 and DO index were concerned in the assessment.The analysis results showed：（1） The comprehensive index of water quality in Weihe River of Shaanxi reach was from 1.967 to 5,which indicatesd that the Weihe River reach has been polluted.The concentrations of COD,NH3-N BOD5 and DO have exceeded the national surface water quality standards of V grade from the Changxingqiao to the Tongguan control section.（2）The water quality of the Weihe River reaches tends to be better totally,especially the reach within Baoji suburb,which is in relationship with the change of the amount of the pollutants entering the river.