基于符担性理论的二语习得研究

Affordance and Second Language Acquisition

符担性理论最初由心理学家吉布森提出,它揭示生物与环境之间的互动关系。后来,生态语言学家里尔把这个概念用于二语习得研究。从生态学来看,语言学习不是依据输入信息,在大脑中展现语言目标的过程。相反,语言是人类有所需要从而学会和使用的,与我们的生活息息相关的东西。符担性一般与诸如教学、研究、学习和沟通环境等局部可感知的活动环境存在着互动关系。外语教学的任务是帮助学生了解并感知符担性,提高教学质量。

Originally used by Gibson,an affordance is reciprocal relationship between an organism and a particular feature of its environment.Then affordance has been used to explore second language acquisition.According to van Lier,language learning is not from an ecological perspective a process of representing linguistic objects in the brain on the basis of input received;rather,language is something we learn to use and to live with and in.Affordances interact with various individually-perceived action environments,such as teaching,studying,learning and communication environments.It is the task of the teacher to help the pupils start seeing and perceiving and then benefiting from affordance.