ADHD与TD共病儿童家庭环境特征及与个性自我意识的相关性

Correlation between family environment characteristics and personality,self-concept of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined with tic disorder

目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)与抽动障碍(TD)共病(CAT)患儿家庭环境特征及其与个性、自我意识之间的相关性。方法:采用家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)、艾森克个性问卷(少年版,EPQ)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)对注意缺陷多动障碍与抽动障碍共病(CAT)组60例、ADHD组79例、TD组60例、正常对照组(N组)71例儿童分别进行评估。结果:CAT组与ADHD组比较FES-CV、EPQ、PHCSS各因子得分均无明显差异,CAT组儿童在FES-CV中亲密度、知识性与组织性得分低于TD组(P<0.05),道德宗教观、知识性、娱乐性、组织性得分低于N组(P<0.05),独立性、矛盾性得分高于N组(P<0.05)。CAT组儿童精神质、神经质因子得分显著高于N组(P<0.01)。CAT组儿童行为、智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群4个分量表得分及总分显著低于N组(P<0.01)。相关分析显示FES-CV中的矛盾性与EPQ中的掩饰程度呈负相关,道德宗教观与神经质呈负相关;FES-CV中的矛盾性与PHCSS中的行为因子呈显著负相关。结论:CAT患儿的家庭存在家庭功能缺陷,其家庭环境对患儿的个性及自我意识发展有一定的影响。

Objective：To explore the correlation between family environment characteristics and personality,self-concept of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） combined with tic disorder（TD）. Methods：Family Environment Scales-Chinese Version（FES-CV）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ） and Piers-Harris Children＇s Self-concept Scale（PHCSS） were used to evaluate 60 children in ADHD combined with TD group,79 children in ADHD group,60 children in TD group and 71 children in normal control group,respectively. Results：There was no significant difference in FES-CV score,EPQ score and PHCSS score between ADHD combined with TD group and ADHD group.The scores of cohesion,intellectual-cultural orientation and organization in FES-CV of ADHD combined with TD group were significantly lower than those of TD group（P0.05）,the scores of moral-religious emphasis,intellectual-cultural orientation,entertainment and organization in FES-CV of ADHD combined with TD group were significantly lower than those of normal control group（P0.05）,the scores of independence and contradictoriness in FES-CV of ADHD combined with TD group were significantly higher than those in normal control group（P0.05）.The scores of neuroticism and psychoticism in ADHD combined with TD group were significantly higher than those of normal control group（P0.01）.The scores of behavior,intelligence and school conditions,physical appearance and property,sociability,total score in ADHD combined with TD group were significantly lower than those in normal control group（P0.01）.Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between contradictoriness in FES-CV and lie in EPQ,and there was also a negative correlation between moral-religious emphasis and psychoticism;there was a significant negative correlation between contradictoriness in FES-CV and behavioral factor in PHCSS. Conclusion：The families with children with ADHD combined with TD have family function defect,the family environment has a certain impact on development of personality and self-concept of children.