冬春季住院患儿急性下呼吸道感染病毒学分析

Virological analysis on the hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in winter and spring

目的:了解冬春季住院患儿急性下呼吸道感染(ARI)的病毒感染状况,为临床儿童急性呼吸道感染提供病毒病原学诊断依据。方法:选择2008年11月～2009年4月在九江市妇幼保健院呼吸内科住院的急性下呼吸道感染患儿,取其入院当天的静脉血,进行呼吸道病毒IgM检测,包括呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒(IV)、副流感病毒(PIV),并对检测标本阳性的病例进行统计分析。结果:在151例患儿送检标本中,阳性37例,占24.5%(37/151)。阳性标本中呼吸道合胞病毒32例(86.5%),腺病毒1例(2.7%),流感病毒2例(5.4%),副流感病毒2例(5.4%)。RSV的发病高峰在12月至次年的1、2月份,RSV感染多见于3岁以下儿童,发病高峰年龄为6个月以下儿童,男、女发病比例为1.9∶1。结论:九江市妇幼保健院2008年11月～2009年4月住院患儿中,引起急性下呼吸道感染的病毒病原体以RSV为主,IV和PIV次之。

Objective：To understand the status of viral infection of hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection（ARI） in winter and spring,provide a basis for virological diagnosis of children with ARI. Methods：The hospitalized children with ARI were selected from the hospital from November 2008 to April 2009,the venous blood samples on hospital day were obtained for IgM detection of respiratory viruses,including respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）,adenovirus（ADV）,influenza virus（IV） and parainfluenza virus（PIV）;the children with positive results were analyzed statistically. Results：Among 151 children with ARI,37 children were found with positive results,accounting for 24.5%（37/151）,including 32 children with RSV（86.5%）,1 child with ADV（2.7%）,2 children with IV（5.4%） and 2 children with PIV（5.4%）;the prevalence of RSV infection reached the peak from December to January,February in the coming year;the children under 3 years old were susceptible to RSV infection;the peak age of RSV infection was under 6 months,the ratio of boys to girls was 1.9∶1. Conclusion：The main pathogen of ARI among the hospitalized children from the hospital from November 2008 to April 2009 is RSV,followed by IV and PIV.