镁粉爆炸特性和惰化抑爆的实验研究

Experimental Investigation on Explosive Characteristics and Inerting of Magnesium Dust

采用20 L球形爆炸测试装置,考察了镁尘浓度、镁粉粒度、点火能量对镁粉爆炸过程热力学参数pmax、动力学参数(dp/dt)max的影响;选取CaCO3粉末作为惰化剂,考察惰化剂含量、惰化剂粒度对镁粉爆炸抑制性能的影响,提出了预防镁粉爆炸、降低爆炸危害的本质化安全对策。结果表明,镁尘浓度、点火能量越高,爆炸危害越大;镁粉粒度越小,爆炸危害越大;惰化剂含量越高、惰化剂粒度越小,抑爆能力越强。

A 20 L spherical vessel is used to investigate the effects of concentration of magnesium dust cloud,particle size,and ignition energy on magnesium dust explosive characteristics such as maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise.Experiments are also conducted for the inerting of magnesium dust with CaCO3 powders by observing the maximum explosion pressures and maximum rate of pressure rise under the conditions of different concentrations and particle sizes of CaCO3 powders.The preventive measures for magnesium dust explosion based on inherent safety priciples are discussed.The results show that the greater explosive harm would be caused by higher concentration of magnesium dust cloud,higher ignition energy,and smaller particle size.The ability of explosion suppression would be evidently increased with increasing concentration and smaller particle size of CaCO3 powders.