针阔混交林内白颈长尾雉栖息地利用的影响因子研究

FACTORS AFFECTING HABITAT USED BY ELLIOT'S PHEASANT (SYMATICUS ELLIOTI) IN MIXED CONIFEROUS AND BROADLEAF FORESTS

采用无线电遥测和样方法对针阔混交林内白颈长尾雉栖息地利用的影响因子进行了定量研究，结果显示：（1）白颈长尾雉对其栖息地的利用有较强的选择性；（2）白颈长尾雉主要在阳坡活动，春、秋、各三季活动地坡度较平缓，夏季略陡。该雉栖息地利用受水源距离的影响；（3）各种灌木层、草本层和地被层团子在白颈长尾雉栖息地中食物条件和隐蔽条件方面发挥重要作用。大叶白纸扇、油茶、山、野楷杷、毛冬青、格药柃、乌饭、木、蔷薇科植物、苔草、三脉叶紫菀和厥类植物是影响白颈长尾雉栖息地利用的重要植物种类；昆虫和土壤动物作为白颈长尾雉的食物在栖息地的利用中亦起着重要作用。

We conducted studies on the factors affecting habitat use by Elliot's pheasants in coniferous and broadleaf mixed forests in Shuiwu, Kaihua county, Zhejiang from November, 1994 to June, 1995 by using radiotelmetry and quadrat sampling methods.The results showed that Elliot's pheasants selected on their habitats in coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest. Most of the animal habitats were on the sunward hillsides with the slope of 21. 65°～28. 75° in spring, autumn and winter and 33. 40° in summer. The distance to water was an important factor for Elliot's pheasants to select their habitats.The effect of the shrub layer, herb layer and ground layer on the habitat use was related to the food and shelter conditons in the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forests. The most important species affecting habitat use were Mussaenda shikokiana, Gamellia oleotra, Lindera rndexa, Eriobotrya japonica, Ilex pubescens, Eurya muricata, Vccinium bracteatum,Asropetalum chinensis, Rubus spp., Carex spp., Aster ageratoides, Crrtomium fortunei and Dryoptends spp. , and so on in the study area. The habitat use of the Elliot's pheasants was also influenced by the abundance of insects and soil animals.