英语名词/动词极性及其相互间的转化

Plexity and Its Transformation

基于Talmy对极性的定义,极性可细分为两大类,四小类:1)物质性单一极性,2)物质性多重极性,3)动作性单一极性4,)动作性多重极性。文章分析了物质性极性与动作性极性的特征,标记方法,及其相互之间的转化。极性的转化不仅可以发生在同类极性之间,也可以发生在异类极性之间。作为例示,文章借用COBUILD的例句语料库,分析了leave+at/for结构与stay+at/for结构,以进一步观察单一极性动词与多重极性动词的特征。该分析表明,极性的差异导致词汇凸显焦点差异,并进一步引起后续结构的不同。就时间结构而言,多重极性动词多凸显延续性时间结构式,单一极性动词则多凸显非延续性时间结构式。

The author recategorizes plexity into four kinds according to Talmy（1988,2000,2006）,namely matter uniplexity,matter multiplexity,action uniplexity and action multiplexity.The author makes an analysis of the characteristics of these four kinds,their mutual transformation,together with the signifying means.The plexity transformation may take place between two of the same kind or two of different kinds.For an illustration,the author investigates ＇leave ＋ at/for＇ construction and ＇stay ＋ at/for＇ construction by making use of the COBUILD（2006） example corpus to observe more closely the features of uniplexity verbs and multiplexity verbs.The investigation demonstrates that plexity difference leads to correspondingly varied figure-background relationship,which,furthermore,effects variation in the following construction.In terms of time construction,multiplexity verbs profile continual time construction,while uniplexity verbs profile non-continual time construction.