沥青基短切炭纤维/石墨纤维表面镀镍及其吸波性能

Preparation and electromagnetic performance of mesophase pitch-based chopped carbon/graphite fiber with nickel plated

以中间相沥青为原料,采用熔融纺丝法制备出中间相沥青纤维,再经炭化、石墨化后进行短切,化学法镀镍处理,最终获得短切镀镍纤维制品。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子探针能谱(EDS)、矢量分析仪等分析测试方法对比研究了短切炭(石墨)纤维、镀镍炭(石墨)纤维的镀镍效果、电磁损耗性能及其树脂基复合材料的吸波性能。测试结果表明:镀镍短切石墨纤维复合材料在低频段的吸波效果最好,吸波频带在-10dB的频段为4.6～10.8GHz,带宽为6.2GHz,最大吸收峰在-23dB。

Chopped carbon/graphite fiber was prapared from mesophase pitch by spinning, carbonization and graphitization. A method of electroless nickel plating on surface of both carbon fiber and graphite fiber was observed by SEM and EDS. The electromagnetic performance of the chopped-carbon fiber（CCF）, chopped-graphite fiber（CGF）, nickeled chopped-carbon fiber（Ni-CCF）, nickeled chopped-graphite fiber（Ni-CGF） were studied by a bow testing system. Results show that the Ni-CGF has the largest electromagnetic energy loss. The electromagnetic performance of the chopped fiber/ epoxy resin composite was also investigated by the bow testing system. Results show that the Ni-CGF/ epoxy resin has the best electromagnetic performance at low frequency. The material has absorption under -10 dB in the band of 4.6～10.8 GHz, the band width is about 6.2 GHz. The maximum radar absorption is -23 dB.