采用聚能爆破技术治理岩爆灾害的试验研究

Experimental investigation on solving rock burst problem by assembling energy blasting technique

岩爆是地下工程一大灾害,在应力集中的部位,采用爆破方法释放高地应力,可以有效降低岩爆灾害。聚能爆破具有用药量小、刻槽和成缝效果好的优点。结合锦屏二级水电站引水隧硐地下工程的岩爆问题,探讨了采用聚能爆破技术降低岩爆的可行性,并进行了浅孔和深孔聚能爆破的对比试验。研究表明,聚能爆破在高地应力条件下的成缝和刻槽效果较普通预裂爆破大为提高,采用聚能爆破技术降低岩爆灾害是可行的。

Rock burst is a big disaster for underground engineering,and releasing high crustal stress at stress concentration positions by blasting technique could decrease rock burst harm availably.Assembling energy blasting has unique advantages,such as small-charge and good effects of carving groove and forming slot.The paper analyzed the feasibility of decreasing rock burst by adopting assembling energy blasting technique,and carried through the comparative trial of shallow hole and well hole assembling energy blasting,combining with rock burst problem of priming tunnel at Jinping power station.The research indicated the effect of carving groove and forming slot by assembling energy blasting was better than that by pre-splitting blasting.It is feasible to adopt assembling energy blasting to decrease rock burst.