超两亲分子:可控组装与解组装

Superamphiphiles for controlled self-assembly and disassembly

与基于共价键的两亲性分子相对照,超两亲分子系指基于非共价键构筑的两亲分子.基于超分子体系的分子工程学的思想,本文总结了超两亲分子的各种类型,包括小分子型、聚合物型和响应性超两亲分子等,以及组装超两亲分子的各种推动力,如主客体相互作用、基于电荷转移作用和不同分子间的协同作用等.研究表明,超两亲分子的研究既可丰富传统的胶体界面化学,又为高级结构的可控组装提供了新的构筑基元,并为制备功能超分子材料开拓了新的途径.

Superamphiphiles refer to amphiphiles that are formed on the basis of noncovalent interactions.Based on the concept of supramolecular engineering,we are able to fabricate various types of superamphiphiles,including low-molecular weight superamphiphiles and polymeric superamphiphiles.The driving forces to construct superamphiphiles can be single noncovalent interaction or the cooperation of different noncovalent interactions.The concept of superamphiphiles can not only enrich the traditional colloid sciences,but also provide a new approach for the fabrication of functional supramolecular materials.