仿生微胶囊的组装及其应用

Molecular assembly and application of biomimetic microcapsules

在生物物理和生物医药研究领域中,在分子水平上组装功能化的仿生微胶囊具有重要的理论和应用价值.在现有制备微胶囊的技术手段中,层层组装技术以其能够控制胶囊的尺寸、形状、囊壁的厚度和组成以及易于实现功能化等特点,引起了人们越来越多的研究兴趣.本文将着重介绍如何利用层层组装技术,以磷脂、蛋白质和其他生物大分子为组装基元构筑仿生微胶囊、以及如何将微胶囊进行生物界面化的修饰.此外,以仿生微胶囊为药物载体,探讨其在光动力治疗方面的应用也作简单介绍.

The assembly of multifunctional biomimetic microcapsules at the molecular level is of tremendous interest for biophysical research.Among the available molecular assembly techniques,layer-by-layer assembly has attracted extensive attention for the fabrication of biomimetic microcapsules because it possesses engineered features including size,shape,thickness,composition and permeation,and the capability of incorporating different types of biomolecules.In this tutorial review,we highlight how biomimetic microcapsules can be fabricated by directly applying lipids and proteins as assembly pairs and how layer-by-layer assembled polyelectrolyte microcapsules can be modified with biological components such as lipid membranes and proteins.The applications of the assembled biomimetic microcapsules in biological system is also summarized.