土壤团聚体中有机质研究进展

A REVIEW ON ORGANIC MATTER IN SOIL AGGREGATES

团聚体和有机质是保持土壤结构和肥力的基础,二者相互作用,不可分割,前者是后者存在的场所,后者是前者存在的胶结物质。在现有资料中,分别以团聚体和有机质为主要研究对象的报道较多,而团聚体中有机质性质的研究较少。本文从土壤有机质物理分组与化学分组相结合的角度,介绍国内外有关土壤团聚体中有机质的数量和特性及其对农业措施的响应方面的研究进展,内容包括团聚体分组、数量和稳定性,团聚体中的有机质的数量、未分组有机质的性质和腐殖物质组分的性质,颗粒分组中的有机质数量和性质,团聚体-密度联合分组中的有机质的数量和性质,不同土地利用方式和长期耕作施肥对团聚体中的有机质的影响等。以期推动不同粒级团聚体和不同HS组分相互作用及其对土壤固碳和肥力贡献研究工作的开展,为探索土壤有机质物理保护与化学保护之间的关系,揭示土壤固碳和培肥机理提供依据。

Soil aggregates and soil organic matter are inseparable because they are the basic substances that maintain soil structure and fertility. The former is the place where the latter exists, whereas the latter is the cement that keep the former in existence. In the current literature,more reports are available on soil aggregates and soil organic matter,separately than on characteristics of soil organic matter in soil aggregates. This paper is going to present an introduction,from the perspeetive of physical fraetionation combined with chemical fractionation of soil organic matter,to advancements both at home and abroad in researches on quantity and properties of soil organic matter in soil aggregates and their responses to agricultural measures,including fractionation of soil aggregates, quantity and stability of each fraction, quantity of organic matter in aggregates, properties of the unfractionated organic matter and properties of the humus fraction, quantity and properties of the organic matter in each particle-size fraction, quantity and properties of the organic matter in fractions sorted by aggre- gate-density in combination,impacts of land-use pattern and long-term cultivation and fertilization on organic matter, etc. in order to promote the research on interactions between soil aggregates of different particle sizes and different humic fractions and their contribution to soil carbon fixation and soil fertility, to explore relationship between the physical protection and chemical protection of soil organic matter and provide a basis for exposing mechanisms of soil carbon sequestration and build-up of soil fertility.