美国国会图书馆地图收藏与服务的启示

On the Enlightenment of Map Collection and Service of the Library of Congress

地图在国家的经济、国防、文化、教育等各方面有着十分重要的作用,世界上许多重要的图书馆都非常重视地图的收藏,尤其是国家级图书馆。本文对美国国会图书馆地图的收藏与服务,从采、编、藏、阅及地图数字化等方面做了深入细致的调查分析,认为美国国会图书馆的地图收藏服务有4方面值得借鉴:一是注重地图资料收藏的系统完整性;二是从建筑设计、编目、典藏和阅览各个环节综合考虑地图文献的保存保护;三是读者服务的多样性和公益性;四是重视民间捐赠行为。

The map has a very important role in the country＇s economy, defense, culture, education and other fields, and many libraries in the world attach great importance to the map collection, especially the national libraries. Based on the thorough and meticulous investigation and analysis of map collecting and services of the Library of Congress through acquisition, cataloging, collecting and reading services, the paper thinks the Library of Congress map collecting and services are worth learning in four areas, such as considering the systematic integrity of map collections, comprehensive considering the collections conservation and preservation, including architectural design, cataloging, stacking and services, paying attention to the various ways and public welfare of the services and the private donations.