动态膜生物反应器处理城市生活污水的研究

Study on Dynamic Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Sewage Treatment

分别采用尼龙网和无纺布作为膜材料构建动态膜生物反应器(DMBR),并用于处理城市生活污水,考察了曝气方式对系统运行效果的影响,同时进行了中试应用研究。结果表明,侧下方曝气方式优于底部曝气方式,底部曝气虽然能够减缓膜污染,但动态膜难以形成且不稳定,导致出水浊度和SS一直居高不下;而侧下方曝气方式虽然运行周期较短,但出水水质好,运行1 h后即可使出水浊度和SS分别降至5 NTU和10 mg/L以下。无纺布和尼龙网DMBR的处理效果均较好,但普通无纺布的强度不够,不适于工程应用。采用侧下方曝气、以尼龙网为膜材料进行中试研究,结果表明,DMBR整体运行效果较好,对COD和NH3-N的去除率分别达到80%和84.8%以上,其中微生物的降解起主要作用,动态膜本身的除污效果不明显。

The dynamic membrane bioreactor （DMBR） was constructed using non-woven fabric or nylon mesh as membrane materials, and was used for treatment of municipal sewage. The influence of aeration mode on the operation efficiency was investigated, and the pilot-scale application research was conducted. The results show that the side inferior aeration is better than the bottom aeration. Although the bottom aeration can reduce membrane fouling, but the dynamic membrane is difficult to form and un- stable, resulting in high effluent turbidity and SS. The side inferior aeration has a shorter operation cycle but higher effluent quality, and the effluent turbidity and SS are reduced to less than 5 NTU and 10 mg/L respectively after one hour. DMBR using non-woven fabric or nylon mesh has better treatment efficiency, but the common non-woven fabric is not suitable for engineering application due to low intensity. DMBR using side inferior aeration and nylon mesh has good overall operational efficiency, and the removal rates of COD and NH3 - N are above 80% and 84.8% respectively. The microbes play a major role, and the effect of dynamic membrane is not obvious.