论元明清时期滇川黔桂毗邻地区的移民

On the Immigrants of the Adjacent Areas of Dian,Chuan,Qian and Gui in the Yuan-ming-qing Dynasties

元明清时期进入滇川黔桂毗邻地区的移民不仅数量众多,而且具有不同于以往的特点:移民进入的途径及构成更为复杂多元;移民的来源地即籍贯更加广泛而又呈现相对集中之特点;与汉唐时期相比较,汉移民与土著民族之融合趋势发生了逆转,虽有部分移民融入到当地土著民族之中,但主流已是部分土著民族因受汉文化的影响而逐步汉化,最终融入到汉民族之中,成为具有不同社会习尚、气质的地域性汉族群体。这些均对当地社会的发展产生了重大影响。

There are a great number of immigrants moving to the areas in the Yuan-ming-qing dynasties,and meanwhile there are some features differing from the immigrants before,which have a significant impact on the development of the local history.First,the approach of the immigration is more complicated and it is multi-component.Second,the origin places,the native places,are more extensive but relatively concentrated： the immigrants in the dynasties of Ming and Qing are mainly from the middle-lower Yantze River and the eastern provinces.Third,after the migration,immigrants are extensively distributed among dam areas,river valleys,traffic line taking cities and towns,mountainous or semi-mountainous areas and the backward areas.Finally,compared with the dynasties of Han and Tang,the integration trend of Han and the ancient ethnic is reversed.Some immigrants merge into the aboriginals,but the major tendency is that： impacted by Han,some aboriginals are gradually hanzified and finally become regional Han groups with different social customs and qualities.