林农合作形式多样性选择交易理论分析

Analysis with Transaction Theory On Choosing Diversified Cooperative Models by Forest Farmers

通过运用资产专用性、不确定性程度和交易频率三大交易维度,以及既定制度环境下的交换成本分析框架,分析集体林权制度主体改革后林农合作形式多样性选择的问题。结果表明,交易特性和费用是决定林农合作形式选择多样化的重要因素,以木材产品涉及的交易具有资产专用性强、不确定性高和交易频率低的特点,不同的林农合作形式具有不同的适应性。当前林农合作组织的发展应根据林农的选择和林产品类型,实施多样化的发展取向,政府则侧重提供保障制度空间,并从森林培育与营林技术的农村推广、农村森林经营方案的编制和林农合作组织森林保险制度的建设着手,降低森林经营固有的特性引起的交易费用。

With three transaction dimension of asset specificity, uncertainty degree and transaction frequency, and analytical framework of exchange cost in a certain system, diversified choice of forest farmer＇s cooperative model after collective forest tenure reform were analyzed. The results indicated that transaction characteristics and transaction cost are important factions deciding diversified cooperative models chosen by forest farmers, that transaction of timber forest products have three characteristics of assets with high specificity, transaction with high uncertainty and low frequency, and that different cooperative model have different adaptability. In the development of forest farmer＇s cooperative organizations, diversified developing orientation should be taken according forest farmer＇s choice and different forest products; supporting system should be particularly provided by government; and transaction cost from forest farmer＇s management would be reduced by popularizing technologies of silvicultrule and forest management at rural, compiling forest management plan of rural and developing forest insurance system of forest famer＇s cooperative organizations.