岔巴沟流域次暴雨坡面土壤侵蚀经验模型

Empirical Soil Erosion Model for Single Rainstorm in Chabagou Drainage Basin

坡面土壤流失预测、水保效益评估,无不需要坡面侵蚀模型。本文以岔巴沟流域坡面径流场降雨水文资料为基础,建立了次侵蚀性降雨坡面土壤侵蚀模型、次降雨坡面细沟侵蚀模型,并对各模型的精度进行了分析。结果发现模型具有较好的预报精度,对大侵蚀产沙事件预测很准;坡度、最大10分钟雨强、植被覆盖度是影响次侵蚀性降雨主要因子,坡度、最大10分钟雨强、降雨量是影响细沟侵蚀主要因子,植被覆盖对细沟侵蚀产沙影响很小。

Soil erosion model was not only important for soil erosion forecast, but also important for soil and water conservation performance evaluation. This paper established a mixed rainfall erosion model, an erosive rainfall erosion model and a rill erosion model, and analysed the accuracy of the soil erosion model, on the basis of hydrological data of rainfall in Chabagou drainage basin. The results showed that the model had a good predic- tion accuracy, and was quite accurate for a big sediment event. Slope, maximum rainfall intensity in 10 minutes and vegetation cover are the main factors for erosive rainfall. Slope, maximum rainfall intensity in lO minutes and rainfall are the main factors for rill erosion, but vegetation cover has little effect on rill erosion.