快速城市化地区农村居住用地布局变化及其影响因素研究——以深圳市龙岗区为例

Rural Residential Land Use Change and Its Influencing Factors in the Rapid-Urbanization Region:A Case Study of Longgang District,Shenzhen

基于深圳市龙岗区1996年与2006年土地利用数据,应用GIS技术和基于公里格网的多元统计方法定量探讨了龙岗区农村居住用地的布局特征、变化态势及影响因素。研究结果显示:在城镇空间快速扩张的同时,龙岗区农居用地减少有限,且用地地块逐渐破碎与分散化;农居变化是一个大量新建与消失并存的过程,在1996年农居用地消失42%的同时,亦有相近规模的农居新建而成;城镇化对龙岗区农居用地影响显著,消失农居多布局于邻近深圳主城、城镇化进程显著的西南地区;新建农居倾向避开高速城镇化区域,同时在租金利益下集聚于原有城镇空间附近地域;空间要素对农居布局的影响符合一般规律,其中坡度影响最为显著,陡坡地区农居用地显著减少,而交通干线与水系附近则明显增加。

Based on the 1996 and 2006 land use data in Longgang District in Shenzhen City, applying the GIS technique and statistic methods on kilometer-fishnet units, this paper tries to discuss the layout characters, changes and influencing factors. Results show that while the urban area expands very fast, the rural residential land will not be obviously reduced, and land plot will become smaller and separate. Some 42% of the 1996＇ s rural construction land disappeared, while similar quantity of new rural construction land appeared in the past 10 years. Urbanization has great effects on rural land use in Longgang District. The disappeared rural residential lands are mostly located in the fast-urbanization areas near the urban centre of Shenzhen. New rural construction lands are located far from the places of fast urbanization and agglomerate near the former rural residential areas. Spatial factors have significant effects on rural residential land use, especially, slope is a key factor, and the num- ber of villages reduces greatly in steep areas. Water and traffic lines have more and more significant agglomeration effects on rural esidential lands.