基于GIS的重庆市道路密度的空间分异

Spatial Distribution of Road Density in Chongqing Based on GIS

以重庆市县域为研究单元,选取2006年重庆市1∶166万基础地理信息数据中的道路网络数据为参考底图,利用ArcGIS的叠加分析和空间分析功能,研究了重庆市县域道路密度的空间分布差异。在道路密度研究的基础上,对各县(片)区的路网密度分布差异从社会经济和地形等方面,进行了相关分析和讨论。结果表明,2006年重庆市各区县道路密度的空间分布具有明显的集聚特征和地带性,重庆西部渝中区、沙坪坝区、九龙坡区等道路网密度较高,东北部的城口、东南部的丰都等区县道路网密度较低,揭示出重庆市道路密度空间分布的不均衡性;部分区县的道路网密度较高,与周边地区的差异相对显著,但尚未连接成面或完全均质化,主要包括西部铜梁片区、东南的丰都等区县;各区县不同等级道路密度空间分异也不尽相同;与地形、经济、人口、城镇用地的相关性研究中发现,重庆市道路密度分布格局与重庆的地势走向和地貌组成的地区分异大体吻合,与各区县GDP发展的空间水平基本耦合,与人口的相关性密切,并且道路网络的不断完善加速了城镇建设用地的外扩。

Transport is bonds and bridges of geo-spatial and socio-economic activities.Based on the road network of Chongqing,spatial discrepancy of regional road density distribution was investigated using the ArcGIS superposition analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis.Further more,correlation analyses and discussions on the distribution differences of the road density of each counties and districs was made from the economic,terrain,land use of urban construction and the desity of population.The results showed that： the spatial distribution of road density in the counties and districts of Chongqing in 2006 has obvious clustering features,and showed two obvious areas features,the western area,Yuzhong,Sandbar,Jiulongpo′s road density is high,while the north-east of the city in Chengkou,southeastern in Fengdu is low,which revealed the unbalanced nature of road density in Chongqing;the road density in partly counties is high,which was obviously different from the surrounding area,but they have not been connected as a network or completely homogenized,including the western Tongliang area,southeast of Fengdu and other counties;the spatial distribution of the different grades of road density is not the same;and through studies of correlation analyses between road density and terrain,economy,population density,the land use for urban construction,those are found that the distribution pattern of the road density in Chongqing generally is spatial co-relationship with its terrain and topography,agrees with the GDP development and population density of each county in Chongqing City,and accelerates the expansion of urban construction land outside.