对非物质文化遗产私权保护模式的质疑

Conservation or Protection:A Dilemma about Intangible Cultural Heritage

国内外涉及非物质文化遗产的保护模式主要有两类:一类是以公权力适度干预,帮助改善非物质文化遗产的生存环境;另一类则是设立私权加以保护,比如以知识产权或者特别权利的方式将非物质文化遗产的支配权赋予特定的民事主体。比较两种保护模式可以发现,私权保护模式不仅不利于非物质文化遗产的弘扬和发展,而且与我国的长期利益相悖。同时,将作为私权的非物质文化遗产权的内容仅仅限定为一种人格权的观点是站不住脚的。

There are two main legal models which are concerned with intangible cultural heritages.One is in public law which provides an improving environment for intangible cultural heritage conservation,and the other is in private law which provides the protection on intangible cultural heritage.By comparison with the two models,the author presents the disadvantages of the private law model,and points out this model can not meet the needs of long term interests of China.