文化的人本寓意与非物质文化遗产的本真性

Humanistic Provisions of Culture and Authentity of Intangible Cultural Heritage

非物质文化长期存在于民间的日常生活之中,是实践活动的公共产物。从非物质文化到通过社会命名的"非物质文化遗产",是一种以最经济、可持续的方式来延续共同体的自我认同和社会文化的再生产。根据文化的人本寓意,非物质文化遗产的本真性并不直接体现于作为一种公共文化的属性上,而是体现在与日常生活以及外在客观力量的关联互动中。保护非物质文化遗产需要依赖于国家在场提供文化传承发展的动力,而国家也必须迎合文化符号的运作规律,特别是日常生活作为文化传承发展场域的必要存在。日常生活中实践主体间的自觉确保了非物质文化遗产作为一种公共文化的连续性和创造力,从而也能克服国家在场的客观性缺陷以及文化主体可能缺席的困境。

The intangible culture is a cultural tradition hidden in the daily life.From intangible culture to the intangible cultural heritage,the space-time of traditional public culture is expanding.As a sharing culture,the intangible cultural heritage should be related with the specific group＇s daily life.Previous studies often ignored the association between the intangible cultural heritage and the daily life.This paper argues that the intangible cultural heritage generate from a cognition which is after the practice interrupted by human away.The ＂field＂ has changed when the intangible cultural heritage is from traditional daily life and to be another kind of public culture on the country ＂social named＂ rule.From the intangible cultural heritage to be a kind of public culture without consciousness foundation,the culture rely on the ＂power＂ provided from nation,and the national present must cater to the rule of cultural symbol and ceremonies of operation,especially the daily life being as a kind of ＂field＂.