癫痫的免疫学研究进展

Progress of immunology in epilepsy

癫痫为临床常见综合征，近年来，关于癫痫的免疫学发病机制已逐渐被人们所认识，包括体液免疫和细胞免疫两个方面。体液免疫异常主要包括细胞因子、自身抗体及免疫球蛋白等的变化，细胞免疫异常则表现为淋巴细胞亚群、淋巴细胞增殖带及NK细胞等的变化。除外周血的异常，癫痫患者的脑脊液检查也可发现各项免疫指标的变化。抗癫痫药物治疗对癫痫患者免疫功能也有影响。关于癫痫的发病机制、免疫学及抗癫痫药物之间的联系有待进一步探讨和研究。

Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in children. Nowadays, the functional disturbances of the immune system, both humeral and cell-mediated immunity, have been detected more often in patients with epilepsy than in normal individuals, which include changes of cytokine, autoantibody and immunoglobulin in humoral immunity, and changes of lymphocyte subset, lymphocyte hyperpalsy zone and nature killer cell in cellular immunity. Not only the peripheral blood of the patients is abnormal, but also the cerebrospinal fluid can be found unusual. Some antiepileptic drugs （AEDs） can exert an effect on the function of immune system as well. Elucidation of connections between epileptogenesis, immunology and effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs therapy is to be explored.