沈阳地区河岸植被缓冲带对氮、磷的削减效果研究

Elimination effects of riparian vegetation buffer zones on surface water nitrogen and phosphorus in Shenyang suburbs

为充分了解河岸植被缓冲带对地表径流污染物的去除效果,本研究选取辽宁省沈阳市两条典型河流——浑河与蒲河为对象,研究其滨水不同河岸植被缓冲带对地表径流氮、磷污染物的削减效果。结果表明:在6种河岸植被带中,人工林草地对氮的削减效果最好,对总氮、硝态氮和铵态氮的平均削减率分别为47%、36%和31%;人工林地对磷的削减效果较好,平均削减率为74%;而人工林地对氮以及人工草地对磷的削减效果较差。随长度增加,河岸植被缓冲带对地表径流污染物的削减效果基本呈增强趋势。以上研究结果说明不同河岸植被缓冲带对地表径流中氮、磷的削减各有优点。在对遭受污染的河流进行生态修复时,应考虑环境污染特点和地表特征,以充分发挥河岸植被缓冲带对污染物的削减优势。

To fully understand the elimination effects of riparian vegetation butter zones on surface runoff pollutants,the elimina-tion effects of different riparian vegetation buffer zones on nitrogen and phosphorus in simulated polluted-surface runoff were investigated in Hunhe and Puhe Rivers in the suburbs of Shenyang City.The results showed that artificial forest-grassland had the best remedial effects on total nitrogen,NO3--N and NH4＋-N,with 47%,36% and 31% of average removal efficiency,respectively.The tree plantation was more effective vegetation buffer zones on phosphorus elimination with 74% of average removal efficiency.How-ever,the elimination effects of tree plantation on nitrogen and artificial grassland on phosphorus were unsatisfactory.Meanwhile,with the increment of riparian length,the elimination effects on surface runoff pollutants enhanced.The results suggested that differ-ent riparian vegetation buffer zones had different elimination effects on nitrogen and phosphate pollutants in surface runoff.There-fore,it was important to take the environmental and surface characteristics into consideration in ecological recovery and reconstruction of riparian vegetation buffer zones.