FDI技术外溢与本地企业技术创新:吸收能力的影响

The relationship between FDI technology spillovers and technology innovation:Effect of absorptive capability

本文通过分析外资企业不同的技术外溢效应,考虑本地企业吸收能力的影响,探讨了横向外溢效应、纵向外溢效应对本地企业技术创新绩效的作用。基于福建和广东9个行业的177家与外资企业处于合作与竞争关系的本地企业为样本获取数据,通过结构方程模型的实证检验。结果表明:(1)本地企业拥有外资企业更好的竞争、示范和员工流动的横向外溢效应,他们的吸收能力和技术创新绩效也会更好;(2)纵向外溢效应(前向链接和后向链接效应)虽然对本地企业技术创新也有显著正的影响,但其作用程度则相对弱很多;(3)另外,FDI技术外溢会通过影响本地企业吸收能力,进而影响本地企业技术创新绩效。

The technology spillover effects of foreign-invested enterprises are investigated,and the relationships between such spillover effects and technology innovation of local enterprises are explored by concerning the effect of absorptive capability.A survey approach is and adopted an empirical analysis is conducted by drawing data from 177 local firms in nine industries located in Fujian and Guangdong Province.After using the SEM to test,the results show that：（1） local enterprises with abundant horizontal spillovers effect（demonstration,competition,labor mobility） will have higher absorptive capability and innovation performance than others that lack one;（2） even if horizontal spillovers effect（forward linkage,backward linkage） positively affects technology innovation,the influence appears to be weak;（3） considering the effect of absorptive capability,FDI technology spillovers play an important role on technology innovation performance of local enterprises.