三峡库区农村移民安置模式对移民家庭收入的影响分析

EFFECT OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RESETTLEMENT MODE ON THE HOUSEHOLDS INCOME IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREAS

利用2007年三峡库区就地后靠农村移民的抽样调查数据,根据农村移民收入来源理论,采用单因素方差分析方法,对移民户和非移民户,以及不同安置方式移民户的收入结构进行比较分析,以说明移民搬迁和不同安置方式对移民收入的不同影响。结果表明:移民搬迁对移民收入存在结构性的影响,即移民搬迁主要影响移民户的家庭经营收入,同时,移民的后期扶持政策抵消了移民搬迁对移民收入的影响;不同的安置方式对移民户收入也存在显著的影响,纯农业安置和兼业安置对移民收入的不利影响较小,而非农业安置对移民户收入的影响较大;非移民安置户享受到的惠农政策和移民后期扶持政策的好处也相对要少;从收入来源的角度来讲,纯农业安置和兼业安置的收入风险相对较低,而非农业安置的收入风险相对较高,所以,纯农业安置和兼业安置对多数农村移民而言是较为适合的安置模式,移民后期扶持补助政策对于稳定移民收入有积极作用。

Based on rural households income sources theory and survey data on rural resettled households in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas in 2007, the income structures were compared among resettled households, non-resettled households and the households of different resettlement modes by ANOVA to find out the different effects of resettlement modes on the rural households income. The results showed that the resettlement influenced the income structures of resettled household and their family business income. At the same time,post-support subsidies for resettleds significantly compensated the adverse impact of resettlement. The different resettlement modes could also influence the income sources of resettled households. Completely agricultural resettlement and multiple industries resettlement brought fewer adverse impacts compared with non-agricultural resettlement, and non-agricultural resettled households would share in fewer post-support subsidies and other agricultural subsidies. Agricultural resettlement and multiple industries resettlement might have fewer income risks against non-agricultural resettlement by views of income sources theory. Thus, they were more favorable for rural resettled households.