刺糖多孢菌生产多杀菌素的研究进展

Research Progress of Spinosad Produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa

多杀菌素(spinosad)是由放线菌刺糖多孢菌(Saccharopolyspora spinosa)发酵产生的新型生物杀虫剂。多杀菌素由于具有生物农药的安全性,化学合成农药的速效性,以及对哺乳动物、昆虫天敌和环境安全等特点,已在多个国家获准使用。目前我国多杀菌素的研究尚处于实验室阶段,产量相对较低,尚不具备工业化生产的条件。对多杀菌素的结构、生物合成途径、发酵培养基优化、高产菌株的选育及其衍生物等进行了综述。

The spinosad, produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa, is an new-style microbiological insecticide. Spinosad with the properties of both safety of biological pesticide and fast effect of agrochemical, has a weak toxicity towards mammalian, natural enemies of insects and environment. Thus, it has obtained permission and used in many countries. At present the research of spinosad in our country is still in the laboratory, and the lower yields of spinosad limited its industrial production. The structure of spinosad and its biosynthesis were summarized. The fermentation medium optimization, breeding of high spinosad producing strains, and its derivatives were reviewed.