论德克斯的发明哲学思想

On Henry Dircks' Philosophical Thought of Invention

德克斯主要关注发明的概念、发明的划界、发明的机制与模式、发明的社会属性及价值等问题。提出"发明"有三种不同的指称和含义;主张发明与理论、发现、实验、改进、设计严格划界;认为发明主要由科学因素、经济竞争因素与发明家精神天赋相互作用,包括理论提出、实验和发明实现三个阶段。德克斯明确提出"发明是组合"、"发明是渐进的"观点,强调发明的思想解放功能。

Henry Dircks was interested in some philosophical questions of invention,such as,the conception,demarcation,mechanism and pattern,social property and function.In his opinion,invention has three types of references and meanings,should be distinguished from theory,discovery,experiment,improvement,and design;invention has three interacting elements,i.e.knowledge,competition,and inventor＇s spirit and ingenuity,and consists of three stages,i.e.theorizing,experimenting,and inventing.Henry Dircks clearly stated that invention is a new combination,it is progressive.Henry Dircks also stressed the social value of invention.