支气管哮喘患儿行为特征及其与母亲心理健康状况相关性研究

Study on the characters of the asthmatic children's behavior and the psychological status of their mothers

目的探讨支气管哮喘患儿行为特征及其母亲心理健康状况,为临床治疗及早期干预提供依据。方法以2007年10月至2009年2月长治医学院附属和济医院、附属和平医院确诊的4～12岁支气管哮喘患儿96例为支气管哮喘组,采用Achenbach儿童行为评定量表(CBCL)对支气管哮喘组及96名正常儿童(对照组)进行评估。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对所有研究对象的母亲进行评估。结果支气管哮喘组患儿社会能力低于对照组,行为问题总检出率为38.5%,明显高于对照组(15.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.005);在躯体主诉、抑郁、焦虑、内向性行为、社交退缩、违纪等方面得分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。支气管哮喘组患儿母亲在焦虑、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、精神病性等方面得分均高于对照组儿童母亲,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论支气管哮喘患儿较正常儿童表现出更多的行为问题,且支气管哮喘患儿母亲较正常儿童的母亲更易出现一些心理问题,故在对支气管哮喘患儿进行规范的药物治疗基础上,应配合适当的心理行为干预。

Objective To study the characters of the asthmatic children＇ s behavior and the psychological status of their mothers, and to provide the evidence for the synthesis treatment and the early intervention in the clinical practice. Methods Totally 96 children with asthma and 96 healthy children were investigated about their psychological behavior with Achenbach Children Behavioral Scale （CBCL） ;their mothers were investigated about their psychological status with Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）. Results The occurrence rate of behavioral problems was 38.5% in the asthmatic children, which was higher than the normal children＇s 15.7%;the difference was significant （P 〈 0.005）. The scores of the asthmatic children in the somatization, dumps, anxiety, social intercourse flinch and disobeying were higher than the normal children＇s, while the social adaptive ability was lower; the difference was significant （P 〈 0.05）. The scores of the mothers＇ SCL-90 showed a great difference between two groups, which was mainly in anxiety, depression, hostility, phobic anxiety and psychoticismo, the difference being significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Children with asthma show more psychological problems than the normal children. The mothers of the asthmatic children are more likely to develop psychological symptoms, so we should perform psychological and behavioral interventions as well as drug therapy on the asthmatic children in the clinical practice.