国外考试策略研究综述--五十年回顾

A Review of the Research on Test-taking Strategies in the Past 50 Years

考试策略是受试在考试过程中有意识地选择的解题步骤和程序,是效度验证的必要证据。纵览国外考试策略研究五十年历史(1958—2009),20世纪50年代末到80年代中期的研究重点是考试智慧策略,之后研究重心向语言学习者策略和考试掌控策略转移。本文综述了这两个时期的研究成果,并指出未来考试策略研究应在平衡研究话题、完善考试策略分类和验证研究工具几个方面加大研究力度,并进一步促使考试策略研究在考试开发和效度验证中发挥更大作用。

Test-taking strategies,the consciously selected processes and procedures by test-takers,have become necessary evidence for test validation.In the 50 years＇（1958-2009）research history of test-taking strategies,test-wiseness strategies were firstly emphasized between the late 1950s and the mid-1980s.After that the research focus shifted to language learner strategies and test management strategies.This article reviews the research results of these two periods and points out that further research efforts should go to balancing the research topics,revising strategy classifications and validating research instruments.Test-taking strategy research should contribute more to test development and validation.