国家如何塑造抗争政治——关于社会抗争中国家角色的研究评述

How Does the State Shape the Contentious Politics:A literature review on the role of the state

围绕"国家如何塑造抗争政治"这一核心问题,本文对社会抗争研究领域相关文献进行了梳理。本文将抗争政治研究中的"国家"区分为"稳定的政治结构"、"较为稳定的政治环境"和"变化的政治背景"三个概念层次,这三个层次上的诸多要素都对社会抗争的兴起、形式和结果以及对抗争主体的身份认同和行动能力产生了重要影响。本文进一步讨论了中国研究中所呈现出的国家与社会抗争的关系,并结合中国经验对抗争政治研究提出了反思。

Focusing on how the state shapes the contentious politics,this paper reviews the studies on social contention. The role of state in contentious politics could be divided into three dimensions,that is,the stable political structure,the less stable political environment and the changing political context. Many factors in these three dimensions have significant impact on the social contention’s rise,such as form and outcome,as well as the identity and action capacity of the social actors. Furthermore, the paper discusses the relationship between the state and social contention in Chinese scholars’studies,and reflects on the current studies based on the Chinese experience.