不同氮磷钾配比滴灌对灰枣产量与品质的影响

Influence of N,P,K with drip irrigation on yield and fruit quality of Huizao jujube

以5 a生灰枣为试材,在滴灌条件下设置不同水肥处理,研究氮磷钾施肥配比对灰枣产量与品质的影响。结果表明:在施肥设计水平范围内,土壤中适量增施氮、磷肥能提高灰枣果实单果质量和产量;增施钾肥可提高枣果中还原糖和维生素C的含量,增施氮肥则可提高蛋白质的含量;土壤中氮、磷、钾肥过高会降低枣果中矿质铁的含量;增施磷肥提高矿质钙的含量,却降低矿质镁的含量;增施钾肥则提高矿质锌、锰的含量,降低矿质铜的含量。1 hm2在滴灌水量为5 250 m3的条件下,以产量为目标,氮、磷、钾施肥量414.9、280.2、33.6 kg为最佳施肥配比。

Five-year-old Huizao jujube was used to study the effect of fertilizer and irrigation on the yield and fruit quality of Huizao jujube.The results showed that the single fruit weight and yield were increased when more fertilizer N and P were applied to soil.The application of K increased the contents of revertose and vitamin C in fruit,and N increased the content of protein in fruit.Too much N,P,K in soil reduced the content of Fe in fruit.The application of fertilizer P to soil increased the content of Ca in fruit,but reduced the content of Mg.The contents of Zn and Mn in fruit increased with the application of fertilizer K to soil,but the content of Cu reduced.When the quantity of drip irrigation was 5 250 m3 per ha,the optimal quantity for N,P,K according to the yield was 414.9,280.2 and 33.6 kg respectively.