苹果内源激素含量的变化与单果性状的关系

Study on the relationship between endogenous hormone content and single fruit set

为了研究苹果内源激素含量的变化与单果性状的关系,以每个花序仅坐一个果的苹果品种澳洲青苹、瑞星和坐多个果的苹果品种瑞林为试材,测定了不同时期的中心花和边花的激素含量水平。结果表明,在花期,多果品种瑞林边花的生长促进类激素处于较高水平;其中GA3含量与中心花无显著差异,ZT含量比中心花分别高出23.8%～104%,IAA含量比中心花高出64.3%～680.5%。而单果品种的生长促进类激素中心花显著高于边花,且出现峰值时间不同步。花后7 d时单果品种的边花ABA含量均显著高于中心花。3个品种的(ZT+GA3+IAA)/ABA比值差异显著,可以较好体现单果和多果品种中心花和边花间的差异。瑞星与澳洲青苹之间也存在品种差异,综合说明内源激素ZT、GA3、IAA、ABA之间的平衡调节是影响单果性状的关键因素。

In order to understand the relationship between endogenous hormone content and single fruit set,the endogenous hormones of Judeline（several fruits on an inflorescence）,Judestar and Granny Smith（one fruit on an inflorescence） were tested.The results indicated that in the blooming period,the side blossom of Judeline had higher promoting endogenous hormone content,ZT content and IAA content were 23.8% to 104% and 64.3% to 680.5% higher in the side blossom than in the central blossom,but there was no significant difference in GA3 content between the central blossom and the side blossom,.On the contrary,the central blossom of Judestar and Granny Smith had much more promoting endogenous hormone content and reached the peak value at different time,the side blossom had significant higher ABA content than the central blossom at 7 d after full bloom.Apparently,the（ZT＋GA3＋IAA）/ABA of Judeline,Judestar and Granny Smith were different at different blossom stage,so it was a preferable norm to distinguish three varieties.There also had discrepances between Judestar and Granny Smith.In general,the balance regulation of ZT,GA3,IAA and ABA is the pivotal factor which affects setting single fruit.