中低温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料

Cathode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Towards Operating at Intermediate-to-Low Temperature Range

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)作为一种高效的能量转化装置,其成功应用将有效地节约能源和降低能源利用过程中环境污染物的排放,对人类社会的可持续发展意义重大。低温化可加快SOFCs商品化的步伐,而其关键在于开发高性能的阴极材料。本论文对近年来在中低温SOFCs阴极材料方面的研究进展进行了较全面的综述,其中包括Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ系列材料、具有两维氧离子传导特性的LnBaCo2O5+δ双钙钛矿型材料及其他的钴基钙钛矿型材料、非钴基阴极和贵金属修饰阴极,以及浸渍法制备的纳米修饰阴极等,指出了各种材料的优缺点及将来的发展趋势,重点介绍了本课题组在最近5年来在此方面所做的努力。质子导电型SOFCs最近几年来受到了人们的广泛关注,由于其阴极的氧还原行为与常规以氧离子导体为电解质的SOFCs有所不同,所以我们对其进行了单独的综述。最后,提出了SOFCs阴极材料的发展趋势。

Solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs） are a type of electrochemical energy conversion devices with high efficiencies and low emissions. The practical application of SOFCs technology would have a great environmental benignity and be beneficial for a sustainable development of the world. The decrease of operation temperature can accelerate the commercialization of SOFCs technology, the key is the development of high performance of cathodes operated at low temperature. In this paper, we mainly have a comprehensive introduction on the progress in developing of novel cathodes for reduced temperature SOFCs, including perovskite-type Ba0. 5 Sr0.5 Co0.8 Fe0.2 O3-8, double perovskite-type LnBaCo2O5＋8, other perovskite-type cobalt-based mixed conducting electrodes, non-cobalt-related mixed conducting oxide electrodes, precious metal modified oxide electrodes and nano-structured composite electrodes prepared by infiltration, and specific cathodes for proton-conducting SOFCs. More attentions are paid to the development in our lab within the last five years. The development trend of cathode in SOFCs is proposed.