质子型可逆固体氧化物电池的材料与反应机理

Reversible Solid Oxide Cell with Proton Conducting Electrolyte:Materials and Reaction Machanism

质子型可逆固体氧化物电池(reversible solid oxide cells based on proton conducting electrolyte,H-RSOC)是一类可用于实现可再生电能的储存、转换和再利用的高效能量转换装置。本文根据H-RSOC的运行特点,概括介绍了H-RSOC电极、电解质材料的选择要求及新型材料研究进展,并着重介绍了H-RSOC的空气极电化学反应机理,以进一步优化和发展适宜的空气极材料和微结构,促进H-RSOC的实际应用。

Reversible solid oxide cells based on proton conducting electrolytes （H-RSOC） are regarded as efficient energy conversion devices for practical application of renewable energy, such as solar energy and wind energy to smooth out their fluctuation and intermittence. In this paper, the requirements and development of electrode and electrolyte materials for H-RSOC are briefly reviewed, and especially, the reaction mechanisms of air electrode with respect to their demand on air electrode materials are summarized. Working in solid oxide fuel cells （SOFC） mode, the migration of protons to triple phase boundaries （TPBs） and the surface diffusion of oxygen ions to TPBs are supposed to be the rate limiting steps, which favors the composite consisting of oxygen ion-electron mixed conductors and proton conductors as air electrode. While in solid oxide electrolysis ceils （SOEC） mode, the transferring of protons decomposed from water to TPBs and the protons at TPBs transferring to the electrolyte are deemed as the rate limiting steps, and novel proton-electron mixed conductor might be the best choice of such air electrode. That＇ s because that the proton transfer in such proton-electron mixed conducting air electrode would be greatly improved for their high volume ratio （ - 60% ） and for their greatly enlarged electro active sites, which expands from traditional TPBs in composite electrodes to the interface of gas phase/mixed conducting air electrode.